{"id":68,"date":"2024-08-11T15:36:38","date_gmt":"2024-08-11T07:36:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.erishen.cn\/wordpress\/?p=68"},"modified":"2024-08-11T15:36:38","modified_gmt":"2024-08-11T07:36:38","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae-node%e3%80%81typescript-%e5%92%8c-express","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/erishen.cn\/?p=68","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e Node\u3001TypeScript \u548c Express"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>TypeScript \u662f JavaScript \u7684\u8d85\u96c6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u7c7b\u578b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u66f4\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5c06 TypeScript \u4e0e Node.js \u548c Express \u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.logrocket.com\/how-to-set-up-node-typescript-express\/\">\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 Node.js\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 v16 \u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u57fa\u672c\u7684 JavaScript \u548c Node.js \u77e5\u8bc6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9879\u76ee<\/h2>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 Node.js \u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-toolbar\"><pre data-toolbar-order=\"copy\" data-prismjs-copy><code>mkdir node-ts-express\ncd node-ts-express\nnpm init -y\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 <code>package.json<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6240\u6709\u503c\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b89\u88c5 TypeScript \u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5 TypeScript \u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528 TypeScript\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 TypeScript \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u548c Node.js \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-toolbar\"><pre data-toolbar-order=\"copy\" data-prismjs-copy><code>npm install typescript ts-node @types\/node --save-dev\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><code>typescript<\/code> \u662f TypeScript \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668<\/li>\n<li><code>ts-node<\/code> \u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728 Node.js \u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c TypeScript \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u7f16\u8bd1<\/li>\n<li><code>@types\/node<\/code> \u5305\u542b Node.js API \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 Express \u548c\u5176\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-toolbar\"><pre data-toolbar-order=\"copy\" data-prismjs-copy><code>npm install express\nnpm install @types\/express --save-dev\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e TypeScript<\/h2>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8bbe\u7f6e TypeScript \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 <code>tsconfig.json<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-toolbar\"><pre data-toolbar-order=\"copy\" data-prismjs-copy><code>npx tsc --init\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a <code>tsconfig.json<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9009\u9879\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-toolbar\"><pre data-toolbar-order=\"copy\" data-prismjs-copy><code>{\n  &quot;compilerOptions&quot;: {\n    &quot;target&quot;: &quot;ES6&quot;,\n    &quot;module&quot;: &quot;commonjs&quot;,\n    &quot;outDir&quot;: &quot;.\/dist&quot;,\n    &quot;rootDir&quot;: &quot;.\/src&quot;,\n    &quot;strict&quot;: true,\n    &quot;esModuleInterop&quot;: true\n  }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><code>target<\/code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684 JavaScript \u7248\u672c\uff08\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e3a ES6\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>module<\/code> \u6307\u5b9a\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e3a CommonJS\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>outDir<\/code> \u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li><code>rootDir<\/code> \u5b9a\u4e49 TypeScript \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<li><code>strict<\/code> \u542f\u7528\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n<li><code>esModuleInterop<\/code> \u5141\u8bb8\u517c\u5bb9 CommonJS \u548c ES \u6a21\u5757<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\uff1a\u521b\u5efa Express \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4e86\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a <code>src<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a <code>index.ts<\/code> \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-toolbar\"><pre data-toolbar-order=\"copy\" data-prismjs-copy><code>mkdir src\ntouch src\/index.ts\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n<p>\u5728 <code>index.ts<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-toolbar\"><pre data-toolbar-order=\"copy\" data-prismjs-copy><code>import express, { Request, Response } from &#39;express&#39;;\n\nconst app = express();\nconst PORT = 3000;\n\napp.get(&#39;\/&#39;, (req: Request, res: Response) =&gt; {\n  res.send(&#39;Hello, TypeScript with Node.js!&#39;);\n});\n\napp.listen(PORT, () =&gt; {\n  console.log(`Server is running at http:\/\/localhost:${PORT}`);\n});\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86 Express \u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684 Express \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u542c <code>3000<\/code> \u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6839\u8def\u7531 <code>\/<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c TypeScript \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a TypeScript \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ts-node<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-toolbar\"><pre data-toolbar-order=\"copy\" data-prismjs-copy><code>npx ts-node src\/index.ts\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee <code>http:\/\/localhost:3000<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u770b\u5230\u9875\u9762\u663e\u793a &quot;Hello, TypeScript with Node.js!&quot;\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u516d\u6b65\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1 TypeScript \u4ee3\u7801<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1 <code>ts-node<\/code> \u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7f16\u8bd1 TypeScript \u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a JavaScript\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1 TypeScript \u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-toolbar\"><pre data-toolbar-order=\"copy\" data-prismjs-copy><code>npx tsc\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1 <code>src<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709 TypeScript \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684 JavaScript \u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u5230 <code>dist<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-toolbar\"><pre data-toolbar-order=\"copy\" data-prismjs-copy><code>node dist\/index.js\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Node.js \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e TypeScript\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 Express \u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002TypeScript \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5f3a\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u590d\u6742\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\u6269\u5c55\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u3001\u8def\u7531\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7b49\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 TypeScript \u6784\u5efa Node.js \u5e94\u7528\u65f6\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TypeScript \u662f JavaScript \u7684\u8d85\u96c6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u7c7b\u578b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u66f4\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/erishen.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/erishen.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/erishen.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erishen.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erishen.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=68"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/erishen.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/erishen.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=68"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erishen.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=68"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erishen.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=68"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}